A groundbreaking implantable device developed by MIT engineers could soon provide peace of mind for people with Type 1 diabetes, especially seniors and their caregivers. This tiny device, about the size of a quarter, is placed just under the skin and stores powdered glucagon—a hormone that raises blood sugar. When blood sugar drops to dangerous levels, the device can release glucagon automatically or via remote trigger, with no need for injections.
Why Is This Important?
- Hypoglycemia Risk: Type 1 diabetes patients must monitor blood sugar closely. If it falls too low, confusion, seizures, or even death can occur. Recognizing these symptoms is not always possible, especially during sleep or for those living alone.
- Current Emergency Care: The standard emergency treatment is a glucagon injection, but this requires awareness and quick action—something not always feasible for seniors or children.
How the Device Works
- Stable Storage: The device uses a special powdered form of glucagon, which lasts much longer than the liquid version.
- Smart Release: It is sealed with a nickel-titanium alloy that opens when heated to 40°C, triggered either by a wireless signal or automatically by a glucose monitor.
- Multiple Doses: Each implant can hold one to four doses and can also deliver other emergency drugs, like epinephrine for severe allergic reactions.
Looking Ahead
- Proven in Animals: In diabetic mice, the device restored normal blood sugar within 10 minutes of activation, even after scar tissue formed around the implant.
- Next Steps: Researchers plan further animal studies and hope to begin human trials within three years.
This innovation could provide a crucial safety net for seniors with diabetes, offering immediate, reliable protection against life-threatening hypoglycemia—day or night.